UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One) |
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES | |
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended June 25, 2005
OR
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES | |
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Commission file number 1-4298
COHU, INC.
Delaware | 95-1934119 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
Incorporation or Organization) | ||
12367 Crosthwaite Circle, Poway, California | 92064-6817 | |
(Address of principal executive office) | (Zip Code) |
Registrants telephone number, including area code (858) 848-8100
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
As of June 25, 2005 the Registrant had 21,750,148 shares of its $1.00 par value common stock outstanding.
COHU, INC.
INDEX
FORM 10-Q
JUNE 25, 2005
Page Number | ||||||||
Part I Financial Information |
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3 | ||||||||
4 | ||||||||
5 | ||||||||
6 | ||||||||
14 | ||||||||
30 | ||||||||
30 | ||||||||
31 | ||||||||
32 | ||||||||
32 | ||||||||
EXHIBIT 31.1 | ||||||||
EXHIBIT 31.2 | ||||||||
EXHIBIT 32.1 | ||||||||
EXHIBIT 32.2 |
Item 1.
COHU, INC.
June 25, 2005 | December 31, 2004 * | |||||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 36,622 | $ | 59,591 | ||||
Short-term investments |
80,515 | 56,920 | ||||||
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful
accounts of $1,239 in 2005 and $936 in 2004 |
40,058 | 32,744 | ||||||
Inventories: |
||||||||
Raw materials and purchased parts |
21,439 | 23,355 | ||||||
Work in process |
12,275 | 9,114 | ||||||
Finished goods |
7,488 | 9,046 | ||||||
41,202 | 41,515 | |||||||
Deferred income taxes |
17,870 | 15,048 | ||||||
Refundable income taxes |
| 812 | ||||||
Other current assets |
3,683 | 4,046 | ||||||
Total current assets |
219,950 | 210,676 | ||||||
Property, plant and equipment, at cost: |
||||||||
Land and land improvements |
7,978 | 7,978 | ||||||
Buildings and building improvements |
25,783 | 25,305 | ||||||
Machinery and equipment |
29,887 | 27,544 | ||||||
63,648 | 60,827 | |||||||
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization |
(31,891 | ) | (29,706 | ) | ||||
Net property, plant and equipment |
31,757 | 31,121 | ||||||
Goodwill |
9,597 | 8,340 | ||||||
Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization
of $1,578 in 2005 and $1,192 in 2004 |
2,022 | 458 | ||||||
Other assets |
118 | 173 | ||||||
$ | 263,444 | $ | 250,768 | |||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||
Current liabilities: |
||||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | 8,290 | $ | 7,712 | ||||
Accrued compensation and benefits |
8,224 | 9,455 | ||||||
Accrued warranty |
3,927 | 4,209 | ||||||
Customer advances |
545 | 604 | ||||||
Deferred profit |
12,632 | 9,651 | ||||||
Income taxes payable |
1,082 | 774 | ||||||
Other accrued liabilities |
2,830 | 3,778 | ||||||
Total current liabilities |
37,530 | 36,183 | ||||||
Accrued retiree medical benefits |
1,442 | 1,383 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes |
4,691 | 5,090 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies |
||||||||
Stockholders equity: |
||||||||
Preferred stock, $1 par value; 1,000 shares authorized, none issued |
| | ||||||
Common stock, $1 par value; 60,000 shares authorized, 21,750
shares issued and outstanding in 2005 and 21,611 shares in 2004 |
21,750 | 21,611 | ||||||
Paid in capital |
27,180 | 25,572 | ||||||
Retained earnings |
171,041 | 161,089 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
(190 | ) | (160 | ) | ||||
Total stockholders equity |
219,781 | 208,112 | ||||||
$ | 263,444 | $ | 250,768 | |||||
* Derived from December 31, 2004 audited financial statements. |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. |
3
COHU, INC.
Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
June 25, | June 30, | June 25, | June 30, | |||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
Net sales |
$ | 51,765 | $ | 47,337 | $ | 96,161 | $ | 83,276 | ||||||||
Cost and expenses: |
||||||||||||||||
Cost of sales |
31,537 | 26,425 | 58,005 | 47,442 | ||||||||||||
Research and development |
7,110 | 6,576 | 13,790 | 12,760 | ||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative |
8,517 | 7,230 | 15,824 | 14,090 | ||||||||||||
47,164 | 40,231 | 87,619 | 74,292 | |||||||||||||
Income from operations |
4,601 | 7,106 | 8,542 | 8,984 | ||||||||||||
Interest income |
890 | 336 | 1,580 | 956 | ||||||||||||
Income before income taxes |
5,491 | 7,442 | 10,122 | 9,940 | ||||||||||||
Income tax provision (benefit) |
(100 | ) | 500 | (2,000 | ) | 900 | ||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 5,591 | $ | 6,942 | $ | 12,122 | $ | 9,040 | ||||||||
Income per share: |
||||||||||||||||
Basic |
$ | 0.26 | $ | 0.32 | $ | 0.56 | $ | 0.42 | ||||||||
Diluted |
$ | 0.25 | $ | 0.32 | $ | 0.55 | $ | 0.41 | ||||||||
Weighted average shares used in
computing income per share: |
||||||||||||||||
Basic |
21,704 | 21,484 | 21,669 | 21,452 | ||||||||||||
Diluted |
22,204 | 21,978 | 22,156 | 22,026 | ||||||||||||
Cash dividends declared per share |
$ | 0.05 | $ | 0.05 | $ | 0.10 | $ | 0.10 | ||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. |
4
COHU, INC.
Six Months Ended | ||||||||
June 25, 2005 | June 30, 2004 | |||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: |
||||||||
Net income |
$ | 12,122 | $ | 9,040 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided from
operating activities: |
||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
2,609 | 1,975 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes |
(3,221 | ) | | |||||
Increase in accrued retiree medical benefits |
59 | 18 | ||||||
Changes in current assets and liabilities, net of effects from
purchase of KryoTech assets: |
||||||||
Accounts receivable |
(7,314 | ) | (13,771 | ) | ||||
Inventories |
513 | (6,998 | ) | |||||
Refundable income taxes |
812 | | ||||||
Other current assets |
(156 | ) | 165 | |||||
Accounts payable |
578 | 2,433 | ||||||
Customer advances |
(59 | ) | 185 | |||||
Deferred profit |
2,981 | 5,699 | ||||||
Income taxes payable |
348 | 387 | ||||||
Accrued compensation, warranty and other liabilities |
(3,170 | ) | 1,843 | |||||
Net cash provided from operating activities |
6,102 | 976 | ||||||
Cash flows from investing activities, net of effects from purchase of
KryoTech assets: |
||||||||
Purchases of short-term investments |
(56,354 | ) | (98,139 | ) | ||||
Sales and maturities of short-term investments |
32,689 | 90,226 | ||||||
Payment for purchase of KryoTech assets |
(2,863 | ) | | |||||
Purchases of property, plant and equipment |
(2,265 | ) | (1,344 | ) | ||||
Payments on note receivable |
| 8,978 | ||||||
Other assets |
145 | (55 | ) | |||||
Net cash used for investing activities |
(28,648 | ) | (334 | ) | ||||
Cash flows from financing activities: |
||||||||
Issuance of stock, net |
1,747 | 1,671 | ||||||
Dividends paid |
(2,170 | ) | (2,147 | ) | ||||
Net cash used for financing activities |
(423 | ) | (476 | ) | ||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
(22,969 | ) | 166 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
59,591 | 7,127 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
$ | 36,622 | $ | 7,293 | ||||
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: |
||||||||
Cash paid during the period for: |
||||||||
Income taxes, net of refunds |
$ | 59 | $ | 486 | ||||
Inventory capitalized as capital assets |
$ | 540 | $ | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. |
5
COHU, INC.
1. | Basis of Presentation | |||
The interim condensed consolidated financial statements of Cohu, Inc. as of June 25, 2005, and for the three and six month periods ended June 25, 2005 and June 30, 2004 are unaudited, but, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the financial results for the interim periods. Our results of operations for the three and six month periods ended June 25, 2005 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2005. These interim statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004. In the following notes to our interim condensed consolidated financial statements, Cohu, Inc. is referred to as Cohu, we, our and us. | ||||
Change in Fiscal Year | ||||
On February 1, 2005, our Board of Directors approved a change in our fiscal year from December 31, to a 52-53 week fiscal year ending on the last Saturday of December. This change is effective for our 2005 fiscal year. As a result of the change, our current fiscal year will contain 52 weeks. Both the second quarter of 2005 and 2004 consisted of 13 weeks whereas the first half of 2005 consisted of 25 weeks and the first half of 2004 consisted of 26 weeks. | ||||
Revenue Recognition | ||||
Our revenue recognition policy is disclosed in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004. As more fully described in that policy, revenue from products that have not previously satisfied customer acceptance is recognized upon customer acceptance. The gross profit on sales that are not recognized is generally recorded as deferred profit and reflected as a current liability in the consolidated balance sheet. | ||||
We have an $8.5 million contract to provide microwave communications equipment for a border security command center and infrastructure system in the United Arab Emirates. The contract, which utilizes our most advanced microwave communications technology that has not been previously installed in an application of this size and complexity, requires that 40% of the total contract price be paid after the system has been fully accepted by the customer. As a result of these factors and the inability to make reasonably dependable estimates of progress toward completion and acceptance, we will recognize revenue and related costs under this contract in the period the system is accepted by the customer. Through June 25, 2005, we have deferred approximately $8.1 million of revenue under this contract. | ||||
At June 25, 2005, we had total deferred revenue of approximately $26.3 million and deferred profit of $12.6 million. At December 31, 2004, we had total deferred revenue of approximately $22.5 million and deferred profit of $9.7 million. | ||||
Stock-Based Compensation | ||||
On May 10, 2005, our stockholders approved the Cohu, Inc. 2005 Equity Incentive Plan (the 2005 Equity Plan). The 2005 Equity Plan replaced the 1998 Stock Option Plan, the 1996 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan, the 1996 Stock Option Plan and the 1994 Stock Option Plan (collectively the Predecessor Plans). No further awards will be granted under the Predecessor Plans. | ||||
We account for our stock option plans under the recognition and measurement principles of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and related interpretations, until required otherwise by Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Statement No. 123 (Revised 2004), Share-Based Payment. Under the intrinsic value method, no stock-based employee compensation cost is reflected in the consolidated statements of income, as all options granted under those plans had an exercise price equal to the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. The |
6
COHU, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 25, 2005
proforma information presented in the following table illustrates the effect on net income and net income per share if we had applied the fair value recognition provisions of FASB Statement No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, as amended by FASB Statement No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation Transition and Disclosure, to stock-based employee compensation. |
Three-months ended | Six-months ended | |||||||||||||||
June 25, | June 30, | June 25, | June 30, | |||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share amounts) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||
Net income, as reported |
$ | 5,591 | $ | 6,942 | $ | 12,122 | $ | 9,040 | ||||||||
Less: Total stock-based employee
compensation expense determined under fair
value based method for all awards, net of
related tax effect |
(1,084 | ) | (951 | ) | (2,114 | ) | (1,917 | ) | ||||||||
Pro forma net income |
$ | 4,507 | $ | 5,991 | $ | 10,008 | $ | 7,123 | ||||||||
Net income per share: |
||||||||||||||||
Basic-as reported |
$ | 0.26 | $ | 0.32 | $ | 0.56 | $ | 0.42 | ||||||||
Basic-pro forma |
$ | 0.21 | $ | 0.28 | $ | 0.46 | $ | 0.33 | ||||||||
Diluted-as reported |
$ | 0.25 | $ | 0.32 | $ | 0.55 | $ | 0.41 | ||||||||
Diluted-pro forma |
$ | 0.20 | $ | 0.27 | $ | 0.45 | $ | 0.32 |
Retiree Medical Benefits | ||||
We provide post-retirement health benefits to certain executives and directors under a noncontributory plan. The net periodic benefit cost during the three and six month periods of 2005 and 2004 was not significant. | ||||
Recent Accounting Pronouncements | ||||
In May 2005, the FASB issued Statement No. 154, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, (Statement No. 154). This Statement replaces APB Opinion No. 20, Accounting Changes, and FASB Statement No. 3, Reporting Accounting Changes in Interim Financial Statements, and changes the requirements for the accounting for and reporting of a change in accounting principle. Statement No. 154 is effective for accounting changes and corrections of errors made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. | ||||
In December 2004, the FASB issued Statement No. 123 (Revised 2004) Share-Based Payment, (Statement No. 123R). Statement No. 123R addresses all forms of share-based payment awards, including shares issued under employee stock purchase plans, stock options, restricted stock and stock appreciation rights. Statement No. 123R will require that we expense share-based payment awards with compensation cost for share-based payment transactions measured at fair value. Statement No. 123R requires us to adopt the new accounting provisions beginning in our third quarter of 2005. However, on April 14, 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission announced the adoption of a new rule that amends the compliance date of Statement No. 123R until the beginning of the next fiscal year that begins on or after June 15, 2005. As a result of the amendment, we expect to adopt Statement No. 123R using the modified prospective method on January 1, 2006. We are currently evaluating option valuation methodologies and assumptions in light of Statement No. 123R and the methodologies and assumptions we ultimately use may be different than those currently used. We currently expect that our adoption of Statement No. 123R will result in an impact to our operating results that is similar to our current pro forma disclosures under Statement No. 123. | ||||
In November 2004, the FASB issued Statement No. 151, Inventory Costs, an amendment of ARB No. 43, (Statement No. 151) which is the result of its efforts to converge U.S. accounting standards for inventories with International Accounting Standards. Statement No. 151 requires idle facility expenses, |
7
COHU, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 25, 2005
freight, handling costs, and wasted material (spoilage) costs to be recognized as current-period charges. It also requires that the allocation of fixed production overheads to the costs of conversion be based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. Statement No. 151 will be effective for inventory costs incurred during fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. We plan to adopt Statement No. 151 on January 1, 2006. We are currently evaluating the impact of Statement No. 151; however, we do not believe it will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. | ||||
2. | Results of Operations | |||
In February 2004, we amended a Product Representation Agreement with a foreign sales representative that was originally entered into on April 1, 2003. The amendment reduced the commissions to be paid to the sales representative on certain previously recorded and future sales. In the first fiscal quarter of 2004, we reduced commission expense by $129,000 and $103,000, for commissions previously expensed in 2003 and 2004, respectively. Accordingly, selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying statement of income for the six months ended June 30, 2004 was reduced by $232,000 as a result of this amendment. | ||||
In 2003, we recorded a charge to cost of sales of approximately $1.7 million as a result of inventory market valuation writedowns. Subsequently, we sold certain of the written down inventory and, as a result, our cost of sales and the related gross profit was favorably impacted by approximately $700,000 in the first fiscal quarter of 2004. There were no sales of the previously written down inventory during the first six months of 2005. | ||||
3. | Income Per Share | |||
Income per share is computed in accordance with FASB Statement No. 128, Earnings per Share. Basic income per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted income per share includes the dilutive effect of common shares potentially issuable upon the exercise of stock options. For purposes of computing diluted income per share, stock options with exercise prices that exceed the average fair market value of our common stock for the period are excluded. For the three and six months ended June 25, 2005, options to purchase approximately 668,000 and 730,000 shares of common stock, respectively, were excluded from the computation. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2004, options to purchase approximately 654,000 and 360,000 shares of common stock, respectively, were excluded from the computation. The following table reconciles the denominators used in computing basic and diluted income per share: |
Three-months ended | Six-months ended | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | June 25, 2005 | June 30, 2004 | June 25, 2005 | June 30, 2004 | ||||||||||||
Weighted average common shares
outstanding |
21,704 | 21,484 | 21,669 | 21,452 | ||||||||||||
Effect of dilutive stock options |
500 | 494 | 487 | 574 | ||||||||||||
22,204 | 21,978 | 22,156 | 22,026 | |||||||||||||
4. | Income Taxes | |||
The income tax provision (benefit) included in the statements of income for the three and six months ended June 25, 2005 and June 30, 2004, is based on the estimated annual effective tax rate for the entire year. These estimated effective tax rates are subject to adjustment in subsequent quarterly periods as our estimates of pretax income or loss for the year are increased or decreased. The effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 25, 2005 is less than the U.S. federal statutory rate, in part, due to research and development tax credits, export sales benefits and the recently enacted domestic manufacturing activities deduction. |
8
COHU, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 25, 2005
In March 2005, the Internal Revenue Service completed a routine examination of our consolidated tax returns for the period 2000 through 2002. The examination resulted in no assessment related to our tax returns as filed. Consequently, approximately $3.0 million of accrued taxes related to the examined years were reversed with a corresponding credit to income tax expense in the quarter ended March 26, 2005. | ||||
In accordance with FASB Statement No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, (Statement No. 109) net deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on all the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. A valuation allowance of $6,873,000 and $11,704,000 was provided on deferred tax assets at December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The amount of deferred tax assets considered realizable was determined based on (i) taxable income in prior carryback years; (ii) future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences (i.e. offset gross deferred tax assets against gross deferred tax liabilities); (iii) tax planning strategies and (iv) future taxable income, exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards. | ||||
In evaluating future taxable income for valuation allowance purposes at December 31, 2004 and June 25, 2005, we concluded that it was only appropriate to consider income expected to be generated in 2005. While Cohu has had a long history of profitability, we incurred losses in each of the three years prior to 2004 and were in a three-year cumulative loss position entering 2004. Anticipating income for Cohu beyond 2005 involves substantial uncertainty and a reliable forecast of such income was not possible and, as a result, we believe such income could not be relied upon to support deferred tax assets under the more likely than not realization requirement in Statement No. 109. | ||||
Our business improved significantly in the quarter ended June 25, 2005 with orders increasing from $44.4 million in the first quarter of 2005 to $71.0 million in the second quarter. This unanticipated increase in orders caused us to reassess our forecast of 2005 income. We currently expect 2005 income to be in excess of the 2005 income used to estimate the valuation allowance at December 31, 2004. In accordance with Statement No. 109 we reduced the valuation allowance required at June 25, 2005 resulting in a reduction of our 2005 effective tax rate in the quarter ended June 25, 2005. Statement No. 109 requires that the effect of this reduction in the valuation allowance be recorded by adjusting the effective tax rate in the second, third and fourth quarters of 2005. During the quarter ended June 25, 2005, the valuation allowance was reduced by approximately $1.7 million as a result of the increase in forecasted 2005 income. We may be required to adjust the allowance in subsequent periods, if, based on estimates of future income, we conclude that all or a portion of the valuation allowance is no longer warranted. A reduction in the valuation allowance would result in a corresponding credit to income tax expense in the period the allowance is reduced. Conversely, an increase in the valuation allowance would increase income tax expense. | ||||
5. | Asset Acquisition | |||
On May 6, 2005, we purchased certain assets of KryoTech, Inc. (KryoTech). The results of KryoTechs operations have been included in the consolidated financial statements since that date. KryoTech, based in West Columbia, South Carolina, designs, develops manufactures and markets advanced thermal solutions for electronic systems and products, including semiconductor equipment. Consummation of the acquisition terminated our joint development project with KryoTech and eliminates all minimum purchase obligations. | ||||
The purchase price of this acquisition was approximately $4.1 million, and was funded primarily by our cash reserves ($2.9 million). The purchase price also includes the payment of the outstanding principal balance and accrued interest on a promissory note with KryoTech ($0.5 million), other acquisition costs ($0.2 million) and certain KryoTech liabilities assumed ($0.5 million). The total cost of the acquisition was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective preliminary fair values in accordance with FASB Statement No. 141, Business Combinations. All assets are expected to be fully deductible for tax purposes. The goodwill was assigned to the semiconductor equipment segment. |
9
COHU, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 25, 2005
The preliminary allocation of purchase price to the acquired assets and assumed liabilities was as follows (in thousands): |
Current assets |
$ | 740 | ||
Fixed assets |
54 | |||
Intangible assets |
1,950 | |||
Backlog |
90 | |||
Goodwill |
1,257 | |||
Total assets acquired |
4,091 | |||
Current liabilities assumed |
(461 | ) | ||
Net assets acquired |
$ | 3,630 | ||
Amounts allocated to other intangible assets are being amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of three years. Amortization expense in the three month period ended June 25, 2005 was approximately $100,000. Pro forma results of operations have not been presented because the effect of the acquisition was not material. |
6. | Goodwill, Investments and Other Intangible Assets | |||
In June 2001, the FASB issued Statement No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, (Statement No. 142). Under Statement No. 142, goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized, but are reviewed annually for impairment or more frequently if impairment indicators arise. Separable intangible assets that have finite lives are amortized over their useful lives. Under Statement No. 142, goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite useful lives resulting from acquisitions completed after June 30, 2001 are not amortized. At June 25, 2005, we had goodwill of $9.6 million that resulted from acquisitions completed in July 2001 and May 2005. | ||||
We performed the required annual goodwill impairment test as of October 1, 2004. We did not recognize any goodwill impairment as a result of performing this annual test. A future decline in the fair value of our semiconductor equipment business may indicate goodwill impairment that could result in a charge to our future operating results. | ||||
In the fourth quarter of 2002, we entered into a $1.7 million license agreement for certain intellectual property and know-how from LiveTools Technology SA. We are amortizing the licensed intangible assets to expense over the three-year exclusive license period. Accumulated amortization at June 25, 2005 and December 31, 2004, was approximately $1.5 million and $1.2 million, respectively. Amortization expense was $138,000 and $275,000 in the three and six month periods ended June 26, 2005 and June 30, 2004, respectively. The estimated remaining amortization expense in 2005 is $182,000. | ||||
7. | Geographic Consolidation | |||
On April 10, 2003 we announced that our Delta Design, Inc. subsidiary was relocating its Littleton, Massachusetts operation to its headquarters facility in Poway, California. The consolidation, which resulted in approximately 50 of the 65 employees being terminated, was substantially completed in March 2004. For the three month period ended June 30, 2004 we recorded charges to operations, totaling $5,000 for severance and one-time termination benefits. These charges are included in cost of sales ($1,000), research and development ($3,000) and selling, general and administrative expense ($1,000). For the six month period ended June 30, 2004, we recorded charges to operations totaling $193,000 for severance and one-time termination benefits. These charges are included in cost of sales ($58,000), research and development ($61,000) and selling, general and administrative expense ($74,000). There were no charges to operations |
10
COHU, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 25, 2005
recorded during 2005. Cumulative charges to operations for severance and other exit costs for the period April 10, 2003 to June 25, 2005, were $1,062,000. | ||||
We are currently attempting to sell our Littleton manufacturing facility which we believe has a current fair value in excess of the $3.3 million carrying value at June 25, 2005. | ||||
The following table reconciles amounts accrued and paid under the consolidation plan. |
Six-months ended June 25, 2005 | Severance and | Other exit | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | other payroll | costs | Total | |||||||||
Liability at January 1, 2005 |
$ | 285 | $ | | $ | 285 | ||||||
Costs accrued |
| | | |||||||||
Amounts paid or charged |
(25 | ) | | (25 | ) | |||||||
Liability at March 26, 2005 |
260 | | 260 | |||||||||
Costs accrued |
| | | |||||||||
Amounts paid or charged |
| | | |||||||||
Liability at June 25, 2005 |
$ | 260 | $ | | $ | 260 | ||||||
Six-months ended June 30, 2004 | Severance and | Other exit | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | other payroll | costs | Total | |||||||||
Liability at January 1, 2004 |
$ | 407 | $ | | $ | 407 | ||||||
Costs accrued |
188 | | 188 | |||||||||
Amounts paid or charged |
(148 | ) | | (148 | ) | |||||||
Liability at March 31, 2004 |
447 | | 447 | |||||||||
Costs accrued |
5 | | 5 | |||||||||
Amounts paid or charged |
(72 | ) | | (72 | ) | |||||||
Liability at June 30, 2004 |
$ | 380 | $ | | $ | 380 | ||||||
8. | Real Estate Transactions | |||
On January 13, 2003, we extended the term of a $9.2 million promissory note with TC Kearny Villa, L.P. (TC). The 8% non-recourse note was secured by a deed of trust on land and buildings in San Diego, California sold by Cohu to TC in April 2001. In February 2004, we entered into an agreement with TC whereby we released our beneficial interest in the property securing the note receivable in exchange for full payment of the note and $272,000 of accrued interest. We received net cash proceeds from TC totaling $9,250,000 on February 19, 2004. The interest received was recorded as income in the first fiscal quarter of 2004. | ||||
9. | Comprehensive Income (loss) | |||
Comprehensive income represents all non-owner changes in stockholders equity and consists of, on an after-tax basis where applicable, the following: |
Three-months ended | Six-months ended | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | June 25, 2005 | June 30, 2004 | June 25, 2005 | June 30, 2004 | ||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 5,591 | $ | 6,942 | $ | 12,122 | $ | 9,040 | ||||||||
Change in
unrealized gain
(loss) on
investments |
90 | (87 | ) | (30 | ) | (86 | ) | |||||||||
Comprehensive income |
$ | 5,681 | $ | 6,855 | $ | 12,092 | $ | 8,954 | ||||||||
11
COHU, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 25, 2005
Accumulated other comprehensive loss totaled $190,000 and $160,000 at June 25, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively, and was attributed to after-tax unrealized losses and gains on investments. | ||||
10. | Segment and Related Information | |||
The following is a summary of our significant accounts and balances by segment, reconciled to consolidated totals. Intersegment sales were not significant in any period. |
Three-months ended | Six-months ended | |||||||||||||||
June 25, | June 30, | June 25, | June 30, | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||
Net sales by segment: |
||||||||||||||||
Semiconductor equipment |
$ | 41,603 | $ | 39,315 | $ | 78,853 | $ | 68,016 | ||||||||
Television cameras |
4,703 | 5,339 | 8,489 | 9,941 | ||||||||||||
Metal detection |
2,086 | 1,616 | 4,019 | 3,308 | ||||||||||||
Microwave communications |
3,373 | 1,067 | 4,800 | 2,011 | ||||||||||||
Total consolidated net sales and net sales
for reportable segments |
$ | 51,765 | $ | 47,337 | $ | 96,161 | $ | 83,276 | ||||||||
Segment profit (loss): |
||||||||||||||||
Semiconductor equipment |
$ | 5,514 | $ | 8,213 | $ | 11,399 | $ | 11,699 | ||||||||
Television cameras |
(92 | ) | 601 | (520 | ) | 611 | ||||||||||
Metal detection |
(23 | ) | (164 | ) | 3 | (309 | ) | |||||||||
Microwave communications |
(20 | ) | (850 | ) | (806 | ) | (1,701 | ) | ||||||||
Profit for reportable segments |
5,379 | 7,800 | 10,076 | 10,300 | ||||||||||||
Other unallocated amounts: |
||||||||||||||||
Corporate expenses |
(778 | ) | (694 | ) | (1,534 | ) | (1,316 | ) | ||||||||
Interest income |
890 | 336 | 1,580 | 956 | ||||||||||||
Income before income taxes |
$ | 5,491 | $ | 7,442 | $ | 10,122 | $ | 9,940 | ||||||||
(in thousands) | June 25, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | ||||||
Total assets by segment: |
||||||||
Semiconductor equipment |
$ | 102,700 | $ | 93,489 | ||||
Television cameras |
10,625 | 10,417 | ||||||
Metal detection |
4,527 | 4,447 | ||||||
Microwave communications |
9,881 | 10,039 | ||||||
Total assets for reportable segments |
127,733 | 118,392 | ||||||
Corporate, principally cash and
investments and deferred taxes |
135,711 | 132,376 | ||||||
Total consolidated assets |
$ | 263,444 | $ | 250,768 | ||||
11. | Contingencies | |||
We are currently involved in various legal proceedings, lawsuits and claims that have arisen in the ordinary course of our businesses. Although the outcome of these legal proceedings and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not believe any of these matters will have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of our operations. |
12
COHU, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 25, 2005
12. | Guarantees | |||
Our products are generally sold with a 12-month to 24-month warranty period following sale or installation. Parts and labor are covered under the terms of the warranty agreement. The warranty provision is based on historical experience by product and configuration. | ||||
Changes in accrued warranty during the three and six month periods ended June 25, 2005 and June 30, 2004 were as follows: |
Three months ended | Six months ended | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||
Beginning balance |
$ | 4,091 | $ | 3,630 | $ | 4,209 | $ | 3,479 | ||||||||
Warranty expense accruals |
1,053 | 1,702 | 2,107 | 3,108 | ||||||||||||
Warranty payments |
(1,678 | ) | (1,270 | ) | (2,850 | ) | (2,525 | ) | ||||||||
Warranty liability assumed |
461 | | 461 | | ||||||||||||
Ending balance |
$ | 3,927 | $ | 4,062 | $ | 3,927 | $ | 4,062 | ||||||||
During the ordinary course of business, from time-to-time we provide standby letters of credit to certain parties. As of June 25, 2005, the maximum potential amount of future payments that we could be required to make under these standby letters of credit is approximately $2.5 million. We have not recorded any liability in connection with these guarantee arrangements beyond that required to appropriately account for the underlying transaction being guaranteed. We do not believe, based on historical experience and information currently available, that it is probable that any amounts will be required to be paid under these arrangements. | ||||
13. | Subsequent Event | |||
On July 19, 2005, the Cohu Board of Directors declared a $0.06 per share cash dividend payable November 4, 2005 to stockholders of record on September 9, 2005. |
13
COHU, INC.
This Form 10-Q contains certain forward-looking statements including expectations of market conditions, challenges and plans, within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and is subject to the Safe Harbor provisions created by that statute. Such forward-looking statements are based on managements current expectations and beliefs, including estimates and projections about our industries and include, but are not limited to, statements concerning financial position, business strategy, and plans or objectives for future operations. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that are difficult to predict and may cause actual results to differ materially from managements current expectations. Such risks and uncertainties include those set forth below under the caption Trends, Risks and Uncertainties beginning on page 22. The forward-looking statements in this report speak only as of the time they are made, and do not necessarily reflect managements outlook at any other point in time. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or for any other reason, however, readers should carefully review the risk factors set forth in other reports or documents we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) after the date of this Quarterly Report.
OVERVIEW
Our primary business activity involves the development, manufacture, marketing, sale and servicing of test handling equipment for the global semiconductor industry. The sales of our products and services are dependent, to a large degree, on customers in industries which are subject to cyclical trends in the demand for their products. Shifts in the semiconductor market, electronics and computer industries and telecommunications markets, as well as rapidly shifting global economic conditions, have had and will have significant impacts on our businesses. During the three-year period ended December 31, 2003, the semiconductor equipment industry experienced a severe business downturn. Our net sales during this period declined more than 50% from our record year in 2000. This decrease in revenue was generally comparable to most other companies in the semiconductor equipment industry, particularly the back-end semiconductor equipment companies that would be considered the closest to us in terms of business cycles.
In the first six months of 2004, our semiconductor equipment business, as well as the semiconductor equipment industry generally, saw significantly improved order bookings and backlog, an indication that the severe three-year industry downturn had possibly ended. Additionally, our operating results improved during the period in part due to improved sales product mix resulting in a higher gross margin. However, our orders declined in the second half of 2004 and business conditions in the semiconductor equipment industry appeared to have weakened. In the six months ended June 25, 2005, our semiconductor equipment business has seen an increase in order bookings and our sales in the first two quarters of 2005 increased from the fourth quarter of 2004. Our operating results also improved during the first two quarters of 2005 in part due to continued favorable product mix with our advanced thermal systems accounting for a significant portion of our semiconductor equipment revenue.
Our operating results in the last three years have been negatively impacted by charges to cost of sales related to excess, obsolete and lower of cost or market inventory issues. These charges totaled approximately $14.4 million during the three-year period ended December 31, 2004 (approximately $5.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2004) and $2.4 million for the six months ended June 25, 2005 and were primarily the result of decreases in customer forecasts, competitive conditions in the test handler industry and, to a lesser extent, changes in our sales product mix as a result of new product introductions. Exposures related to inventories are common in the semiconductor equipment industry due to the narrow customer base, the custom nature of the products and inventory and the shortened product life cycles caused by rapid changes in semiconductor manufacturing technology. Increased competition, particularly in recent years, has also negatively impacted our gross margins on certain products, and we believe it is likely these conditions will continue for the foreseeable future.
14
COHU, INC.
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
June 25, 2005
Our other operating costs consist of research and development (R&D) and selling, general and administrative expenses (SG&A). Both R&D and SG&A expense increased in 2004 and the first six month of 2005, due to increased business volume and investment in development programs.
Our non-semiconductor equipment businesses, in total, have comprised approximately 20% of our revenues during the last three years. During 2004, we saw improved results in our television camera and metal detection businesses. The results of our microwave communications business were negatively impacted by revenue deferrals associated with a contract with the United Arab Emirates.
Our financial condition is strong with significant cash and short-term investments and no long-term debt. During the three-year period ended December 31, 2004, we generated $19.6 million of net cash from operating activities and total cash and investments have increased from $93.5 million at March 31, 2002 to $117.1 million at June 25, 2005.
Management uses several performance metrics to manage our various businesses. These metrics, which tend to focus on near-term forecasts due to the limited order backlog in our businesses, include:
| order bookings and backlog for the most recently completed quarter and our forecast for the next quarter; | |||
| inventory levels and related excess exposures typically based on the next twelve months forecast; | |||
| gross margin and other operating expense trends; and | |||
| industry data and trends noted in various publicly released sources. |
Due to the short-term nature of our order backlog, historically representing about three months of business, and the inherent volatility of the semiconductor equipment business, our past performance is frequently not indicative of future operating results or cash flows.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
Our discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to bad debts, inventories, intangible assets, income taxes, warranty obligations and contingencies and litigation. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We believe the following critical accounting policies, that are more fully described in our Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, affect the significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
Revenue Recognition: We generally recognize revenue upon shipment and title passage for established products (i.e., those that have previously satisfied customer acceptance requirements) that provide for full payment tied to shipment. Revenue for products that have not previously satisfied customer acceptance requirements or from sales where customer payment dates are not determinable is recognized upon customer acceptance. Revenue is recorded net of estimated prompt payment discounts, which are recognized as a reduction of revenue at the time of sale.
15
COHU, INC.
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
June 25, 2005
Accounts Receivable: We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. If the financial condition of our customers deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be required.
Warranty: We provide for the estimated costs of product warranties in the period sales are recognized. Our warranty obligation estimates are affected by historical product shipment levels, product performance and material and labor costs incurred in correcting product performance problems. Should product performance, material usage or labor repair costs differ from our estimates, revisions to the estimated warranty liability would be required.
Inventory: We record valuation reserves on our inventory for estimated excess and obsolete inventory and lower of cost or market concerns equal to the difference between the cost of inventory and the estimated market value based upon assumptions about future product demand, market conditions and product selling prices. If future product demand, market conditions or product selling prices are less or more favorable than those projected by management or if continued modifications to products are required to meet specifications or other customer requirements, changes to inventory reserves may be required.
Income Taxes: We estimate income taxes based on the various jurisdictions where we conduct business. This requires us to estimate our current tax exposure and to assess temporary differences that result from differing treatment of certain items for tax and accounting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities that are reflected in the consolidated balance sheet. The net deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if, based upon all available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Establishing a valuation allowance or increasing this allowance in an accounting period results in tax expense in the statement of operations. We must make significant judgments to determine the provision for income taxes, deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowance to be recorded against net deferred tax assets. Our gross deferred tax asset balance as of December 31, 2004 was $22.4 million which was reduced by a valuation allowance of $6.9 million. We recorded the valuation allowance in the fourth quarters of 2002 and 2003 as a result of our recent losses and to reflect uncertainties concerning our ability to generate future taxable income and our corresponding ability to utilize our deferred tax assets. The deferred tax assets consist primarily of deductible temporary differences, tax credit and net operating loss carryforwards. In the first and second quarters of 2005 we reassessed the assumptions used to calculate the valuation allowance at December 31, 2004. In the quarter ended June 25, 2005 we reduced the valuation allowance as a result of an increase in forecasted 2005 income. We may be required to adjust the allowance in future periods, if, based on estimates of future income, we conclude that all or a portion of the valuation allowance is no longer warranted.
Intangible Assets: At June 25, 2005, intangible assets other than goodwill were evaluated for impairment using undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the assets as required by FASB Statement No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, and we concluded there was no impairment loss. We are required to assess goodwill impairment using the methodology prescribed by Statement No. 142. Statement No. 142 requires that goodwill be tested for impairment on an annual basis and more frequently in certain circumstances. The required annual goodwill impairment test is performed as of October 1 of each year. We did not recognize any goodwill impairment as a result of performing this annual test in 2004.
Contingencies: We are subject to certain contingencies that arise in the ordinary course of our businesses. In accordance with FASB Statement No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies, we assess the likelihood that future events will confirm the existence of a loss or an impairment of an asset. If a loss or asset impairment is probable, as defined in Statement No. 5 and the amount of the loss or impairment is reasonably estimable, we accrue a charge to operations in the period such conditions become known.
16
COHU, INC.
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
June 25, 2005
Recent Accounting Pronouncements: In May 2005, the FASB issued Statement No. 154, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, (Statement No. 154). This Statement replaces APB Opinion No. 20, Accounting Changes, and FASB Statement No. 3, Reporting Accounting Changes in Interim Financial Statements, and changes the requirements for the accounting for and reporting of a change in accounting principle. Statement No. 154 is effective for accounting changes and corrections of errors made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005.
In December 2004, the FASB issued Statement No. 123 (Revised 2004) Share-Based Payment, (Statement No. 123R). Statement No. 123R addresses all forms of share-based payment awards, including shares issued under employee stock purchase plans, stock options, restricted stock and stock appreciation rights. Statement No. 123R will require that we expense share-based payment awards with compensation cost for share-based payment transactions measured at fair value. Statement No. 123R requires us to adopt the new accounting provisions beginning in our third quarter of 2005. However, on April 14, 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission announced the adoption of a new rule that amends the compliance date of Statement No. 123R until the beginning of the next fiscal year that begins on or after June 15, 2005. As a result of the amendment, we expect to adopt Statement No. 123R using the modified prospective method on January 1, 2006. We are currently evaluating option valuation methodologies and assumptions in light of Statement No. 123R and the methodologies and assumptions we ultimately use may be different than those currently used. We currently expect that our adoption of Statement No. 123R will result in an impact to our operating results that is similar to our current pro forma disclosures under Statement No. 123.
In November 2004, the FASB issued Statement No. 151, Inventory Costs, an amendment of ARB No. 43, (Statement No. 151) which is the result of its efforts to converge U.S. accounting standards for inventories with International Accounting Standards. Statement No. 151 requires idle facility expenses, freight, handling costs, and wasted material (spoilage) costs to be recognized as current-period charges. It also requires that the allocation of fixed production overheads to the costs of conversion be based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. Statement No. 151 will be effective for inventory costs incurred during fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. We plan to adopt Statement No. 151 on January 1, 2006. We are currently evaluating the impact of Statement No. 151; however, we do not believe it will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table summarizes certain operating data as a percentage of net sales for the three and six month periods ended June 25, 2005 and June 30, 2004.
Three months ended | Six months ended | |||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
Net sales |
100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | ||||||||
Cost of sales |
(60.9 | ) | (55.8 | ) | (60.3 | ) | (57.0 | ) | ||||||||
Gross margin |
39.1 | 44.2 | 39.7 | 43.0 | ||||||||||||
Research and development expense |
(13.7 | ) | (13.9 | ) | (14.3 | ) | (15.3 | ) | ||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expense |
(16.5 | ) | (15.3 | ) | (16.5 | ) | (16.9 | ) | ||||||||
Income from operations |
8.9 | % | 15.0 | % | 8.9 | % | 10.8 | % | ||||||||
17
COHU, INC.
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
June 25, 2005
Second Quarter of 2005 Compared to Second Quarter of 2004
Net Sales
Our net sales increased 9.4% to $51.8 million in 2005, compared to net sales of $47.3 million in 2004. In 2005, sales of semiconductor test handling equipment increased 5.8% from the 2004 period and accounted for 80.4% of consolidated net sales, versus 83.1% in 2004. Sales of television cameras and other equipment accounted for 9.1% of net sales in 2005 and decreased 11.9% when compared to 2004, while the combined sales of metal detection and microwave equipment accounted for 10.5% of net sales in 2005 and increased 103.5% compared to 2004.
The primary reason for the increase in sales of our semiconductor equipment was continued strong customer demand for our advanced thermal semiconductor test handlers during the first six months of 2005. The decrease in sales experienced by our television camera business was primarily attributable to a decline in customer demand for our closed circuit cameras during 2005. The increase in sales of our metal detection business was primarily attributable to sales of our recently introduced portable metal detection equipment and increased demand for our industrial detection products. During the second quarter of 2005 there was an increase in the sales recognized by our microwave communications business. The primary cause of this increase is the result of the timing of revenue recognition under Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, Revenue Recognition, (SAB No. 104).
At June 25, 2005, we had total deferred revenue of approximately $26.3 million and deferred profit of $12.6 million. At December 31, 2004, we had total deferred revenue of approximately $22.5 million and deferred profit of $9.7 million.
Gross margin
Gross margin as a percentage of net sales decreased to 39.1% in 2005 from 44.2% in 2004. The decrease was due to, among other things, changes in product mix, start-up costs associated with the KryoTech acquisition, selling price reductions on certain equipment, increased overhead costs and revenue deferrals under SAB No. 104. In 2003, we recorded a charge to cost of sales of approximately $1.7 million as a result of inventory market valuation writedowns. In the second quarter ended June 30, 2004, we sold certain of this inventory and our gross margin was favorably impacted by approximately $0.4 million. There were no sales of this inventory during the second quarter of 2005 that resulted in higher gross margin during the second quarter of 2004.
We compute the majority of our excess and obsolete inventory reserve requirements using a one-year inventory usage forecast. During the second quarter of 2005 and 2004, we recorded charges to cost of sales of approximately $1.2 million and $0.9 million, respectively, for excess and obsolete inventory. While we believe our reserves for excess and obsolete inventory are adequate to cover our exposures at June 25, 2005, reductions in customer forecasts or continued modifications to products, including our Delta EDGE handler, may require additional charges to operations that could negatively impact our gross margin in future periods. Conversely, if our actual inventory usage is greater than our forecasted usage, our gross margin may be favorably impacted in future periods.
Research and Development Expense
R&D expense as a percentage of net sales decreased to 13.7% in 2005, from 13.9% in 2004, increasing in absolute dollars from $6.6 million in 2004 to $7.1 million in 2005. The increase in R&D was primarily the result of higher R&D labor and material costs for product development in the semiconductor equipment and microwave communications businesses, offset by a decrease in expense in the metal detection business.
Selling, General and Administrative Expense
SG&A expense as a percentage of net sales increased to 16.5% in 2005, from 15.3% in 2004, increasing from $7.2 million in 2004 to $8.5 million in 2005. The increase in SG&A expense was primarily related to an overall increase in business volume.
18
COHU, INC.
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
June 25, 2005
Interest Income
Interest income was $0.9 million and $0.3 million in 2005 and 2004, respectively. The increase in interest income resulted from an increase in our average cash and cash equivalents and investment portfolio as well as an increase in interest rates.
Income Taxes
The income tax provision (benefit) included in the statements of income for the three and six months ended June 25, 2005 and June 30, 2004, is based on the estimated annual effective tax rate for the entire year. These estimated effective tax rates are subject to adjustment in subsequent quarterly periods as our estimates of pretax income or loss for the year are increased or decreased. The effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 25, 2005 is less than the U.S. federal statutory rate, in part, due to research and development tax credits, export sales benefits and the recently enacted domestic manufacturing activities deduction.
In March 2005, the Internal Revenue Service completed a routine examination of our consolidated tax returns for the period 2000 through 2002. The examination resulted in no assessment related to our tax returns as filed. Consequently, approximately $3.0 million of accrued taxes related to the examined years were reversed with a corresponding credit to income tax expense in the quarter ended March 26, 2005.
In accordance with Statement No. 109, net deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on all the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. A valuation allowance of $6,873,000 and $11,704,000 was provided on deferred tax assets at December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The amount of deferred tax assets considered realizable was determined based on (i) taxable income in prior carryback years; (ii) future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences (i.e. offset gross deferred tax assets against gross deferred tax liabilities); (iii) tax planning strategies and (iv) future taxable income, exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards.
In evaluating future taxable income for valuation allowance purposes at December 31, 2004 and June 25, 2005, we concluded that it was only appropriate to consider income expected to be generated in 2005. While Cohu has had a long history of profitability, we incurred losses in each of the three years prior to 2004 and were in a three-year cumulative loss position entering 2004. Anticipating income for Cohu beyond 2005 involves substantial uncertainty and a reliable forecast of such income was not possible and, as a result, we believe such income could not be relied upon to support deferred tax assets under the more likely than not realization requirement in Statement No. 109.
Our business improved significantly in the quarter ended June 25, 2005 with orders increasing from $44.4 million in the first quarter of 2005 to $71.0 million in the second quarter. This unanticipated increase in orders caused us to reassess our forecast of 2005 income. We currently expect 2005 income to be in excess of the 2005 income used to estimate the valuation allowance at December 31, 2004. In accordance with Statement No. 109 we reduced the valuation allowance required at June 25, 2005 resulting in a reduction of our 2005 effective tax rate in the quarter ended June 25, 2005. Statement No. 109 requires that the effect of this reduction in the valuation allowance be recorded by adjusting the effective tax rate in the second, third and fourth quarters of 2005. During the quarter ended June 25, 2005, the valuation allowance was reduced by approximately $1.7 million as a result of the increase in forecasted 2005 income. We may be required to adjust the allowance in subsequent periods, if, based on estimates of future income, we conclude that all or a portion of the valuation allowance is no longer warranted. A reduction in the valuation allowance would result in a corresponding credit to income tax expense in the period the allowance is reduced. Conversely, an increase in the valuation allowance would increase income tax expense.
19
COHU, INC.
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
June 25, 2005
Other Items
In 2003, our Broadcast Microwave Services (BMS) subsidiary was awarded an $8.5 million contract from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) Armed Services to provide microwave communications equipment for a command center and infrastructure system for border security. The contract, which utilizes our most advanced microwave communications technology that has not previously been installed in an application of this size and complexity, requires that 40% of the total contract price be paid after the system has been fully accepted by the customer. As a result of these factors and the inability to make reasonably dependable estimates of progress toward completion and acceptance, we will recognize revenue and related costs under this contract in the period the system is accepted by the customer. Through June 25, 2005, we had shipped inventory with a sales value of $8.1 million and deferred costs of approximately $5.9 million resulting in deferred profit of approximately $2.3 million under the contract. In addition, at June 25, 2005, we had inventory to be delivered under the contract of approximately $0.3 million and accounts receivable of approximately $3.3 million. We have also provided the customer with a standby letter of credit totaling approximately $2.5 million at June 25, 2005, that may be drawn upon if BMS does not fulfill the terms of the contract. If BMS is unable to successfully complete the installation of the equipment and obtain customer acceptance of the system, the related inventory and receivables may need to be written off, the customer might seek a refund of the $4.8 million in payments made to BMS under the contract and our business, results of operations and financial condition would be materially impacted.
As a result of the factors set forth above, our net income was $5.6 million in 2005, compared to net income of $6.9 million in 2004.
First Half of 2005 Compared to First Half of 2004
Net Sales
On February 1, 2005, our Board of Directors approved a change in our fiscal year from December 31, to a 52-53 week fiscal year ending on the last Saturday of December. As a result, the first half of 2005 contained 25 weeks, whereas the first half of 2004 contained 26 weeks.
Our net sales increased 15.5% to $96.2 million in 2005, compared to net sales of $83.3 million in 2004. Sales of semiconductor test handling equipment in 2005 increased 15.9% from the 2004 period and accounted for 82.0% of consolidated net sales in 2005 versus 81.7% in 2004. Sales of television cameras and other equipment accounted for 8.8% of net sales in 2005 and decreased 14.6% when compared to 2004, while the combined sales of metal detection and microwave equipment accounted for 9.2% of net sales in 2005 and increased 65.8% when compared to the comparable period in 2004.
Gross margin
Gross margin as a percentage of net sales decreased to 39.7% in 2005 from 43.0% in 2004, primarily as a result of lower margins in the semiconductor equipment business. Within the semiconductor equipment segment, margins decreased in 2005, primarily as a result of changes in product mix, start-up costs associated with the KryoTech acquisition, selling price reductions on certain equipment, increased overhead costs and revenue deferrals under SAB No. 104. We compute the majority of our excess and obsolete inventory reserve requirements using a one-year inventory usage forecast. During 2005 and 2004, we recorded net charges to cost of sales of approximately $2.4 million and $2.2 million, respectively, for excess and obsolete inventory.
In 2003, we recorded a charge to cost of sales of approximately $1.7 million as a result of inventory market valuation writedowns. In the second quarter ended June 30, 2004, we sold certain of this inventory and our gross margin was favorably impacted by approximately $0.4 million. There were no sales of this inventory during the first half of 2005 that resulted in higher gross margin during the first half of 2004.
20
COHU, INC.
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
June 25, 2005
Research and Development Expense
R&D expense as a percentage of net sales was 14.3% in 2005, compared to 15.3% in 2004, increasing in absolute dollars from $12.8 million in 2004 to $13.8 million in 2005. The increase in R&D was primarily the result of higher R&D labor and material costs for product development in our semiconductor equipment and microwave communication businesses, offset by decreases in expenditures in the television cameras and metal detection businesses.
Selling, General and Administrative Expense
SG&A expense as a percentage of net sales decreased to 16.5% in 2005, from 16.9% in 2004, increasing in absolute dollars from $14.1 million in 2004 to $15.8 million in 2005. The increase in SG&A expense was primarily related to increased business volume.
Interest Income
Interest income was $1.6 million and $1.0 million in 2005 and 2004, respectively. The increase in interest income resulted from an increase in our average cash and cash equivalents and investment portfolio as well as an increase in interest rates.
Income Taxes
The provision (benefit) for income taxes expressed as a percentage of pre-tax income was (19.8) % in 2005 and 9.1% in 2004. The provision for income taxes is based on the estimated effective tax rate for the entire year and in 2005 and 2004 is lower than the U.S. federal statutory rate primarily due to the reduction in the deferred tax asset valuation allowance recorded at December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, respectively, and the reversal of accrued income taxes related to a tax examination completed in March 2005.
As a result of the factors set forth above, our net income was $12.1 million in 2005, compared to net income of $9.0 million in 2004.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our primary historical source of liquidity and capital resources is cash flow generated by our operations. While we maintain a credit facility, we have not used this as a source of cash. We use cash to fund growth in our operating assets, including accounts receivable and inventory, and to fund new products and product enhancements primarily through research and development.
Liquidity
Working Capital: The following summarizes our cash, cash equivalents, investments and working capital:
June 25, | December 31, | Percentage | ||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | 2005 | 2004 | Increase | Change | ||||||||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and investments |
$ | 117,137 | $ | 116,511 | $ | 626 | 0.5 | % | ||||||||
Working capital |
182,420 | 174,493 | 7,927 | 4.5 | % |
Cash Flows
Operating Activities: Our net cash flows provided from operating activities in the first half of 2005 totaled $6.1 million. The major components of cash flows provided by operating activities, net of the effects of the KryoTech acquisition, were net income of $12.1 million, offset by the net change in current assets and liabilities and depreciation and amortization of $2.6 million. The net change in current assets and liabilities included an increase in accounts receivable and a decrease in inventories of $7.3 million and $0.5 million, respectively. The increase in accounts receivable was primarily attributable to the timing of cash collections and increased sales in June 2005.
21
COHU, INC.
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
June 25, 2005
Investing Activities: Our net cash used for investing activities included $23.7 million from purchases of short-term investments, less sales and maturities of short-term investments, the purchase of KryoTech assets for $2.9 million, and purchases of property, plant and equipment of $2.3 million. The purchases of property, plant and equipment were primarily made to support activities in the semiconductor equipment business and consisted primarily of software and equipment used in engineering, manufacturing and other related functions.
Financing Activities: Our net cash used for financing activities included $1.7 million received from the issuance of stock upon the exercise of stock options offset by $2.2 million for the payment of dividends.
Capital Resources
In June 2005, we renewed our $5,000,000 unsecured bank line of credit bearing interest at the banks prime rate. The line of credit will expire in July 2006 and requires us to maintain specified minimum levels of net worth, limits the amount of our capital expenditures and requires us to meet certain other financial covenants. We are currently in compliance with these covenants. No borrowings were outstanding at June 25, 2005; however, $2,535,000 of the credit facility was allocated to standby letters of credit at June 25, 2005, leaving the balance of $2,465,000 available for future borrowings.
We expect that we will continue to make capital expenditures to support our business and we anticipate that present working capital and available borrowings under our line of credit will be sufficient to meet our operating requirements for at least the next twelve months.
Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Contractual Obligations: Our significant contractual obligations consist of operating leases and have not changed materially from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004.
Purchase Commitments: From time to time, we enter into commitments with our vendors to purchase inventory at fixed prices or in guaranteed quantities. We are not able to determine the aggregate amount of such purchase orders that represent contractual obligations, as purchase orders may represent authorizations to purchase rather than binding agreements. Our purchase orders are based on our current manufacturing needs and are fulfilled by our vendors within relatively short time horizons. We do not have significant agreements for the purchase of raw materials or other goods specifying minimum quantities or set prices that exceed our expected requirements for the next three months.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements: During the ordinary course of business, we provide standby letters of credit instruments to certain parties as required. As of June 25, 2005, the maximum potential amount of future payments that we could be required to make under these standby letters of credit was approximately $2.5 million. No liability has been recorded in connection with these arrangements beyond those required to appropriately account for the underlying transaction being guaranteed. We do not believe, based on historical experience and information currently available, that it is probable that any amounts will be required to be paid under these arrangements .
TRENDS, RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
The semiconductor industry we serve is highly volatile and unpredictable.
Visibility into our markets is limited. Our operating results are substantially dependent on our semiconductor equipment business. This capital equipment business is in turn highly dependent on the overall strength of the semiconductor industry. Historically, the semiconductor industry has been highly cyclical with recurring periods of oversupply and excess capacity, which often have had a significant effect on the semiconductor industrys demand for capital equipment, including equipment of the type we manufacture and market. We anticipate that the markets for
22
COHU, INC.
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
June 25, 2005
newer generations of semiconductors and semiconductor equipment may also be subject to similar cycles and severe downturns, such as those experienced in 2001, 2002, 2003 and during the third and fourth quarters of 2004. Any significant reductions in capital equipment investment by semiconductor manufacturers and semiconductor test subcontractors will materially and adversely affect our business, financial position and results of operations. In addition, the volatile and unpredictable nature of semiconductor equipment demand has in the past and may in the future expose us to significant excess and obsolete and lower of cost or market inventory write-offs and reserve requirements. In the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003, and 2002, and the six months ended June 25, 2005, we recorded pretax inventory-related charges of approximately $5.8 million, $4.6 million, $4.1 million and $2.4 million, respectively, primarily as a result of changes in customer forecasts.
A limited number of customers account for a substantial percentage of our net sales.
A relatively small number of customers historically have been responsible for a significant portion of our net sales. In the year ended December 31, 2004, two customers of the semiconductor equipment segment accounted for 53% (57% in 2003, and 53% in 2002) of our net sales. During the past five years, the percentage of our sales derived from each of these and other significant customers has varied greatly. Such variations are due to changes in the customers business and their purchase of products from our competitors. It is common in the semiconductor test handler industry for customers to purchase equipment from more than one equipment supplier, increasing the risk that our competitive position with a specific customer may deteriorate. No assurance can be given that we will continue to maintain our competitive position with these or other significant customers. Furthermore, we expect the percentage of our revenues derived from significant customers will vary greatly in future periods. The loss of, or a significant reduction in, orders by these or other significant customers as a result of competitive products, market conditions, outsourcing final semiconductor test to test subcontractors that are not our customers or other factors, would adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. Furthermore, the concentration of our revenues in a limited number of large customers may cause significant fluctuations in our future annual and quarterly operating results.
The semiconductor equipment industry in general and the test handler market in particular, is highly competitive.
The semiconductor test handler industry is intensely competitive and we face substantial competition from numerous companies throughout the world. The test handler industry, while relatively small in terms of worldwide market size compared to other segments of the semiconductor equipment industry, has an inordinately large number of participants resulting in intense competitive pricing pressures. Future competition may include companies that do not currently supply test handlers. The Japanese and Korean markets for test handling equipment are large and represent a significant percentage of the worldwide market. During the last five years we have had only limited sales to Japanese and Korean customers who have historically purchased test handling equipment from Asian suppliers. Some of our competitors have substantially greater financial, engineering; manufacturing and customer support capabilities and offer more extensive product offerings than Cohu. In addition, there are emerging semiconductor equipment companies that provide or may provide innovative technology incorporated in products that may compete favorably against our products. We expect our competitors to continue to improve the design and performance of their current products and introduce new products with improved performance capabilities. Our failure to introduce new products in a timely manner, the introduction by our competitors of products with perceived or actual advantages, or disputes over rights to use certain intellectual property or technology could result in a loss of our competitive position and reduced sales of, or margins on our existing products. We believe that competitive conditions in the semiconductor test handler market have intensified over the last several years. This intense competition has adversely impacted our product average selling prices and gross margins on certain products. If we are unable to reduce the cost of our existing products and successfully introduce new lower cost products we expect these competitive conditions to negatively impact our gross margin and operating results in the foreseeable future.
23
COHU, INC.
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
June 25, 2005
Semiconductor equipment is subject to rapid technological change, product introductions and transitions may result in inventory write-offs and our new product development involves numerous risks and uncertainties.
Semiconductor equipment and processes are subject to rapid technological change. We believe that our future success will depend in part on our ability to enhance existing products and develop new products with improved performance capabilities. We expect to continue to invest heavily in research and development and must manage product transitions successfully, as introductions of new products, including our recently introduced Delta EDGE handler, may adversely impact sales and/or margins of existing products. In addition, the introduction of new products by us or by our competitors, the concentration of our revenues in a limited number of large customers, the migration to new semiconductor test handling methodologies and the custom nature of our inventory parts increases the risk that our established products and related inventory may become obsolete, resulting in significant excess and obsolete inventory exposure. This increased exposure resulted in significant charges to operations during each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2004 and the first six months of 2005. Future inventory write-offs and increased inventory reserve requirements could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition.
The design, development, commercial introduction and manufacture of new semiconductor test handling equipment is an inherently complex process that involves a number of risks and uncertainties. These risks include potential problems in meeting customer acceptance and performance requirements, integration of the test handler with other suppliers equipment and the customers manufacturing processes, transitioning from product development to volume manufacturing and the ability of the equipment to satisfy the semiconductor industrys constantly evolving needs and achieve commercial acceptance at prices that produce satisfactory profit margins. The design and development of new test handling equipment is heavily influenced by changes in integrated circuit assembly, test and final manufacturing processes and integrated circuit package design changes. We believe that the rate of change in such processes and integrated circuit packages is accelerating. As a result of these changes and other factors, assessing the market potential and commercial viability of new integrated circuit test handling equipment is extremely difficult and subject to a great deal of risk. In addition, not all integrated circuit manufacturers employ the same manufacturing processes. Differences in such processes make it difficult to design standard semiconductor test handler products that are capable of achieving broad market acceptance. As a result, we might not accurately assess the semiconductor industrys future test handler requirements and fail to design and develop products that meet such requirements and achieve market acceptance. Failure to accurately assess customer requirements and market trends for new semiconductor test handler products may have a material adverse impact on our operations, financial condition and results of operations.
The transition from product development to the manufacture of new semiconductor equipment is a difficult process and delays in product introductions and problems in manufacturing such equipment are common. We have in the past and may in the future experience difficulties in manufacturing and volume production of our new test handlers. In addition, as is common with semiconductor equipment, our after sale support and warranty costs have been significantly higher with new test handlers than with our established products. Future technologies, processes and product developments may render our current or future product offerings obsolete and we might not be able to develop, introduce and successfully manufacture new products or make enhancements to our existing products in a timely manner to satisfy customer requirements or achieve market acceptance. Furthermore, we might not realize acceptable profit margins on such products.
We are exposed to risks associated with acquisitions and investments.
We have made, and may in the future make, acquisitions of, or significant investments in, businesses with complementary products, services and/or technologies. Acquisitions and investments involve numerous risks, including, but not limited to:
| difficulties and increased costs in connection with integration of the personnel, operations, technologies and products of acquired businesses; |
24
COHU, INC.
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
June 25, 2005
| diversion of managements attention from other operational matters; | |||
| the potential loss of key employees of acquired businesses; | |||
| lack of synergy, or the inability to realize expected synergies, resulting from the acquisition; | |||
| failure to commercialize purchased technology; and | |||
| the impairment of acquired intangible assets and goodwill that could result in significant charges to operating results in future periods. |
Additionally, such acquisitions or investments may result in immediate charges to operating results. Mergers, acquisitions and investments are inherently risky and the inability to effectively manage these risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We have taken remedial measures to address previous slowdowns in the semiconductor equipment industry that may affect our ability to be competitive.
In the past, we have taken remedial measures to address the slowdown in the market for our products. In particular, we reduced our workforce, delayed salary increases, reduced senior executives pay, implemented furloughs, reduced expense budgets and announced facility consolidations including Delta Designs Columbus, Ohio and Littleton, Massachusetts operations into our Poway, California facility. Each of these measures could have long-term effects on our business by reducing our pool of technical talent, decreasing or slowing improvements in our products and making it more difficult for us to respond to customers needs.
Our backlog is limited and may not accurately reflect future business activity.
Our order backlog has historically represented approximately three months of revenue and as a result our visibility of future business activity is limited. Due to the possibility of customer changes in delivery schedules, cancellation of orders, potential delays in product shipments, difficulties in obtaining inventory parts from suppliers, failure to satisfy customer acceptance requirements and the inability to recognize revenue under accounting requirements, our backlog at any point in time may not be representative of sales in any future period. Furthermore, all orders are subject to cancellation or rescheduling by the customer with limited penalty. A reduction in backlog during any particular period could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, our backlog at June 25, 2005, may not be a reliable indicator of revenues in future periods due to delayed delivery dates or customer requested changes to delivery schedules, order cancellations and delays in recognizing revenue due to accounting requirements.
The cyclical nature of the semiconductor equipment industry places enormous demands on our employees, operations and infrastructure.
The semiconductor equipment industry is characterized by dramatic and sometimes volatile changes in demand for its products. Changes in product demand result from a number of factors including the semiconductor industrys continually changing and unpredictable capacity requirements and changes in integrated circuit design and packaging. Sudden changes in demand for semiconductor equipment have a significant impact on our operations. In 2001, we reduced our workforce approximately 30% as a result of a downturn in the semiconductor equipment industry. Workforce reductions continued in the third and fourth quarter of 2002, January and March, 2003. We also consolidated Delta Designs Columbus, Ohio and Littleton, Massachusetts operations into our Poway, California facility. In 2004 and during the first six months of 2005 we increased our workforce, particularly in manufacturing, to meet increased demand. Such radical changes in workforce levels place enormous demands on our employees, operations and infrastructure since newly hired personnel rarely possess the expertise and level of experience of current employees. Additionally, these transitions divert management time and attention from other activities and adversely impact employee morale. We have in the past and may in the future experience difficulties, particularly in manufacturing, in training and recruiting the large number of additions to our workforce. The volatility in headcount and business levels, combined with the cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry, may require that we invest substantial amounts in new operational and financial systems, procedures and controls. We may not be able
25
COHU, INC.
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
June 25, 2005
to successfully adjust our systems, facilities and production capacity to meet our customers changing requirements. The inability to meet such requirements will have an adverse impact on our business, financial position and results of operations.
We do not participate in the gravity-feed or DRAM test handler markets.
Pick-and-place handlers used in DRAM applications account for a significant portion of the worldwide test handler market and our market share in the DRAM segment is negligible. Gravity-feed test handlers are used in numerous non DRAM applications and continue to represent a significant portion of the worldwide test handler market. Because we do not participate in the DRAM and/or gravity-feed market segments, our total available sales market is limited.
We are exposed to the risks of operating a global business.
We are a global corporation with offices and subsidiaries around the world to support our sales and services to the global semiconductor industry and, as such, we face risks in doing business abroad that we do not face domestically. Certain aspects inherent in transacting business internationally could negatively impact our operating results, including:
| costs and difficulties in staffing and managing international operations; | |||
| unexpected changes in regulatory requirements; | |||
| difficulties in enforcing contractual and intellectual property rights; | |||
| longer payment cycles; | |||
| local political and economic conditions; | |||
| potentially adverse tax consequences, including restrictions on repatriating earnings and the threat of double taxation; and | |||
| fluctuations in currency exchange rates, which can affect demand and increase our costs. |
Additionally, managing geographically dispersed operations presents difficult challenges associated with organizational alignment and infrastructure, communications and information technology, inventory control, customer relationship management, terrorist threats and related security matters and cultural diversities. If we are unsuccessful in managing such operations effectively, our business and results of operations will be adversely affected.
Failure of critical suppliers to deliver sufficient quantities of parts in a timely and cost-effective manner could adversely impact our operations.
We use numerous vendors to supply parts, components and subassemblies for the manufacture of our products. It is not always possible to maintain multiple qualified suppliers for all of our parts, components and subassemblies. As a result, certain key parts may be available only from a single supplier or a limited number of suppliers. In addition, suppliers may cease manufacturing certain components that are difficult to replace without significant reengineering of our products. On occasion, we have experienced problems in obtaining adequate and reliable quantities of various parts and components from certain key suppliers. Our results of operations may be materially and adversely impacted if we do not receive sufficient parts to meet our requirements in a timely and cost effective manner.
We cannot provide assurance that we will continue to declare dividends at all or in any particular amounts.
We intend to continue to pay quarterly dividends subject to capital availability and periodic determinations that cash dividends are in the best interest of the stockholders. Our dividend policy may be affected by, among other items, our views on potential future capital requirements, including those related to research and development, creation and expansion of sales distribution channels, investments and acquisitions, legal risks and stock repurchases.
26
COHU, INC.
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
June 25, 2005
Third parties may violate our proprietary rights or accuse us of infringing upon their proprietary rights.
We rely on patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws to establish and maintain proprietary rights in our technology and products. Any of our proprietary rights may expire due to patent life, or be challenged, invalidated or circumvented, and these rights may cease to provide significant competitive advantages. In addition, from time to time, we receive notices from third parties regarding patent or copyright claims. Any such claims, with or without merit, could be time-consuming to defend, result in costly litigation, divert managements attention and resources and cause us to incur significant expenses. In the event of a successful claim of infringement against us and our failure or inability to license the infringed technology or to substitute similar non-infringing technology, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.
A majority of our revenues are generated from exports to foreign countries, primarily in Asia, that are subject to economic and political instability and we compete against a number of Asian test handling equipment suppliers.
During the year ended December 31, 2004, 72% of our total net sales were exported to foreign countries, including 83% of the sales in the semiconductor equipment segment. The majority of our export sales are made to destinations in Asia. Political or economic instability, particularly in Asia, may adversely impact the demand for capital equipment, including equipment of the type we manufacture and market. In addition, we face intense competition from a number of Asian suppliers that have certain advantages over U.S. suppliers, including us. These advantages include, among other things, proximity to customers, favorable tariffs and affiliation with significantly larger organizations. In addition, changes in the amount or price of semiconductors produced in Asia could impact the profitability or capital equipment spending programs of our foreign and domestic customers.
The loss of key personnel could adversely impact our business.
Certain key personnel are critical to our business. Our future operating results depend substantially upon the continued service of our key personnel, many of whom are not bound by employment or non-competition agreements. Our future operating results also depend in significant part upon our ability to attract and retain qualified management, manufacturing, technical, engineering, marketing, sales and support personnel. Competition for qualified personnel, particularly those with technical skills, is intense, and we cannot ensure success in attracting or retaining qualified personnel. There may be only a limited number of persons with the requisite skills and relevant industry experience to serve in these positions and it may become increasingly difficult for us to hire personnel over time. Our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected by the loss of any of our key employees, by the failure of any key employee to perform in his or her current position, or by our inability to attract and retain skilled employees.
Our non-semiconductor equipment businesses have experienced little or no growth.
We develop, manufacture and sell products used in closed circuit television, metal detection and microwave communications applications. These products are sold in highly competitive markets and many competitors are segments of large, diversified companies with substantially greater financial, engineering, marketing, manufacturing and customer support capabilities than Cohu. In addition, there are smaller companies that provide or may provide innovative technology in products that may compete favorably against our own products.
New accounting rules will impact our future operating results.
A change in accounting standards or a change in existing taxation rules can have a significant effect on our reported results. New accounting pronouncements and taxation rules and varying interpretations of accounting pronouncements have occurred and may occur in the future. These new accounting pronouncements and taxation rules may adversely affect our reported financial results or the way we conduct our business.
For example, under the newly-issued Statement No. 123R we will be required to account for equity under our stock plans as a compensation expense and our net income and net income per share will be significantly reduced. Currently, we calculate compensation expense and disclose the impact on net income and net income per share, as
27
COHU, INC.
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
June 25, 2005
well as the impact of all stock-based compensation expense in a footnote to the consolidated financial statements. Statement No. 123R will require that we expense share based payment awards given to employees, including shares issued under employee stock purchase plans and stock options, as compensation cost.
Our financial and operating results may vary and may fall below analysts estimates, which may cause the price of our common stock to decline.
We do not currently provide estimates of our revenues or results of operations for future periods. Our operating results may fluctuate from quarter to quarter due to a variety of factors including, but not limited to:
| timing of orders from customers and shipments to customers; | |||
| inability to recognize revenue due to accounting requirements; | |||
| impact of foreign currency exchange rates on the price of our products in international locations; | |||
| inventory writedowns; and | |||
| inability to deliver solutions as expected by our customers. |
Due to these factors or other unanticipated events, quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our operating results may not be reliable indicators of our future performance. In addition, from time to time our quarterly financial results may fall below the expectations of the securities and industry analysts who publish reports on our company or of investors generally. This could cause the market price of our securities to decline, perhaps significantly.
We have experienced significant volatility in our stock price.
A variety of factors may cause the price of our stock to be volatile. In recent years, the stock market in general, and the market for shares of high-technology companies in particular, including ours, have experienced extreme price fluctuations, which have often been unrelated to the operating performance of affected companies. During the last three years the price of our common stock has ranged from $23.20 to $9.99. The price of our stock may be more volatile than other companies due to, among other factors, the unpredictable and cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry, our significant customer concentration, intense competition in the test handler industry, our limited backlog making earnings predictability difficult and our relatively low daily stock trading volume. The market price of our common stock is likely to continue to fluctuate significantly in the future, including fluctuations related and unrelated to our performance.
Recently enacted and future changes in securities laws and regulations are likely to increase our costs.
Changing laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, new SEC regulations and NASDAQ National Market rules, are creating challenges for all publicly-held companies. We are committed to maintaining high standards of corporate governance and public disclosure. As a result, our efforts to comply with evolving laws, regulations and standards have resulted in, and are likely to continue to result in, increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities. In particular, our efforts to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the related regulations regarding our required assessment of our internal controls over financial reporting and our external auditors audit of that assessment has required the commitment of significant financial and managerial resources. We expect these efforts to require the continued commitment of significant resources. Further, our board members, chief executive officer and chief financial officer could face an increased risk of personal liability in connection with the performance of their duties. As a result, we may have difficulty attracting and retaining qualified board members and executive officers, which could harm our business.
28
COHU, INC.
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
June 25, 2005
The occurrence of natural disasters in Asia and geopolitical instability caused by terrorist attacks and threats may adversely impact our operations and sales.
Our Asian sales and service headquarters is located in Singapore and the majority of our sales are made to destinations in Asia. In addition, we have a location in the Philippines which fabricates certain component parts used in our semiconductor test handlers. These regions are known for being vulnerable to natural disasters and other risks, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, fires, and floods, which at times have disrupted the local economies. A significant earthquake or tsunami could materially affect operating results. We are not insured for most losses and business interruptions of this kind, and do not presently have redundant, multiple site capacity in the event of a natural disaster. In the event of such disaster, our business would suffer. Furthermore, BMS is currently involved in a significant contract with the United Arab Emirates. Continued terrorist attacks or threats in this region may cause geopolitical instability that may have an adverse effect on our ability to successfully satisfy customer acceptance requirements under the agreement, which would materially impact our business, results of operations and financial condition.
29
Item 3. Quantitative And Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Interest rate risk.
At June 25, 2005, our investment portfolio includes fixed-income securities with a fair value of approximately $80.5 million. These securities are subject to interest rate risk and will decline in value if interest rates increase. Due to the relatively short duration of our investment portfolio, an immediate ten percent change in interest rates (e.g. 3.00% to 3.30%) would have no material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
Foreign currency exchange risk.
We generally conduct business, including sales to foreign customers, in U.S. dollars and as a result we have limited foreign currency exchange rate risk. Monetary assets and liabilities of our foreign operations are not significant. The effect of an immediate ten percent change in foreign exchange rates would not have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report.
It should be noted that any system of controls, however well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the system are met. In addition, the design of any control system is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events. Because of these and other inherent limitations of control systems, there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions, regardless of how remote. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
During the last fiscal quarter, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
30
Part II OTHER INFORMATION
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
The Cohu Annual Meeting of Stockholders was held on May 10, 2005. At the meeting the following directors were elected:
Number of Common Shares Voted | ||||||||
Director | For | Withhold Authority | ||||||
Robert L. Ciardella |
16,587,532 | 2,083,573 | ||||||
Charles A. Schwan |
16,111,250 | 2,559,855 |
The remaining directors continuing in office until 2006 or 2007 are James W. Barnes, James A. Donahue, Harry L. Casari and Harold Harrigian.
In addition, the stockholders approved the following proposals:
Number of Common Shares Voted | ||||||||||||||||
Broker | ||||||||||||||||
Proposals | For | Against | Abstain | Non-Votes | ||||||||||||
To approve the Cohu, Inc.
2005 Equity Incentive Plan |
8,381,305 | 4,823,034 | 40,354 | 5,426,412 | ||||||||||||
To ratify the appointment of Ernst &
Young LLP as Cohus independent
registered public accounting firm for 2005 |
17,579,729 | 1,074,344 | 17,032 | 0 |
31
Item 6. Exhibits.
3.1
|
- | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Cohu, Inc. incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1(a) from the Cohu, Inc. Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 1999 | ||
3.1(a)
|
- | Certificate of Amendment of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Cohu, Inc. incorporated herein by reference from the Cohu, Inc. Form S-8 filed June 30, 2000, Exhibit 4.1(a) | ||
3.2
|
- | Amended and Restated Bylaws of Cohu, Inc. incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 from the Cohu, Inc. Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 12, 1996 | ||
4.1
|
- | Rights Agreement dated November 15, 1996, between Cohu, Inc. and ChaseMellon Shareholder Services, L.L.C., incorporated herein by reference from the Cohu, Inc. Report on Form 8-K filed December 12, 1996, Exhibit 4.1 | ||
10.1
|
Cohu, Inc. 2005 Equity Incentive Plan, incorporated herein by reference from the Cohu, Inc. Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2005 Annual Meeting of Stockholders filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 30, 2005. | |||
10.2
|
Amendment No. 1 dated June 15, 2005 to Loan Agreement dated June 28, 2004 between Cohu, Inc. and Bank of America, N.A., incorporated herein by reference from the Cohu, Inc. Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2005, Exhibit 99.1 | |||
31.1
|
- | Certification pursuant to Section 302(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ||
31.2
|
- | Certification pursuant to Section 302(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ||
32.1
|
- | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ||
32.2
|
- | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
COHU, INC. | ||
(Registrant) | ||
Date: July 25, 2005
|
/s/ James A. Donahue | |
James A. Donahue | ||
President & Chief Executive Officer | ||
Date: July 25, 2005
|
/s/ John H. Allen | |
John H. Allen | ||
Vice President, Finance & Chief Financial Officer |
32
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit No. | Description | |||
3.1 | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Cohu, Inc. incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 3.1(a) from the Cohu, Inc. Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended
June 30, 1999 |
|||
3.1 | (a) | Certificate of Amendment of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Cohu,
Inc. incorporated herein by reference from the Cohu, Inc. Form S-8 filed June 30, 2000,
Exhibit 4.1(a) |
||
3.2 | Amended and Restated Bylaws of Cohu, Inc. incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2
from the Cohu, Inc. Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
December 12, 1996 |
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4.1 | Rights Agreement dated November 15, 1996, between Cohu, Inc. and ChaseMellon Shareholder
Services, L.L.C., incorporated herein by reference from the Cohu, Inc. Report on Form 8-K
filed December 12, 1996, Exhibit 4.1 |
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10.1 | Cohu, Inc. 2005 Equity Incentive Plan, incorporated herein by reference from the Cohu, Inc.
Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2005 Annual Meeting of Stockholders filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on March 30, 2005. |
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10.2 | Amendment No. 1 dated June 15, 2005 to Loan Agreement dated June 28, 2004 between Cohu,
Inc. and Bank of America, N.A., incorporated herein by reference from the Cohu, Inc. Report
on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2005, Exhibit 99.1 |
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31.1 | Certification pursuant to Section 302(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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31.2 | Certification pursuant to Section 302(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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32.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002 |
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32.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002 |
Exhibit 31.1 COHU, INC. SARBANES-OXLEY ACT SECTION 302(a) CERTIFICATION I, James A. Donahue, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this Form 10-Q of Cohu, Inc.; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting. Date: July 25, 2005 /s/ James A. Donahue - ---------------------------------------- James A. Donahue President and Chief Executive Officer
Exhibit 31.2 COHU, INC. SARBANES-OXLEY ACT SECTION 302(a) CERTIFICATION I, John H. Allen, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this Form 10-Q of Cohu, Inc.; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting. Date: July 25, 2005 /s/ John H. Allen - ---------------------------------------------------- John H. Allen Vice President Finance & Chief Financial Officer
Exhibit 32.1 CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 (18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350) In connection with the accompanying Quarterly Report of Cohu, Inc. (the "Company") on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 25, 2005 (the "Report"), I, James A. Donahue, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, based on my knowledge: (1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and (2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. Date: July 25, 2005 /s/ James A. Donahue - --------------------------------------------- James A. Donahue, President and Chief Executive Officer
Exhibit 32.2 CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 (18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350) In connection with the accompanying Quarterly Report of Cohu, Inc. (the "Company") on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 25, 2005 (the "Report"), I, John H. Allen, Vice President Finance & Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, based on my knowledge: (1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and (2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. Date: July 25, 2005 /s/ John H. Allen - ------------------------------------------------ John H. Allen, Vice President Finance & Chief Financial Officer